ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the early changes in the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and macular vascular density (MVD) in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and its clinical significance.Methods This was a retrospective study.Totally 33 patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled,including 13 patients with no-diabetic retinopathy (NDR group) and 20 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR group) according to the international clinical grading criteria of diabetic retinopathy.Additional 26 healthy subjects with matched age were enrolled in the control group.All the subjects underwent the 3 mm ×3 mm scanning of macular retina by OCTA for obtaining 4 levels of macular vascular density map.And the area of the FAZ and the MVD were measured.Results The area of FAZ was(0.392 ± 0.028) mm2 in the NDR group and (0.410 ± 0.019) mm2 in the NPDR group,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (0.314 ± 0.025) mm2 (all P =0.000),and there was statistically significant difference between the NDR group and NPDR group (P =0.010).The MVD in the superficial retinal layer,deep retinal layer,outer retinal layer and choroidal capillary layer was 0.500 ±0.012,0.553 ±0.007,0.393 ±0.005,0.651 ±0.006 in the NDR group,and 0.484 ± 0.012,0.522 ± 0.007,0.397 ± 0.007,0.642 ± 0.007 in the NPDR group,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (0.518 ±0.014,0.572 ±0.008,0.385 ±0.005,0.666 ±0.007) (all P =0.000);there were statistically significant differences in MVD between the NDR group and NPDR group in the superficial retinal layer,deep retinal layer and choroidal capillary layer (all P =0.000),but not in the outer retinal layer (P =0.065).Conclusion OCTA suggested that the early retinal microcirculation impairment in the macula in patients with diabetes,which changes with the progression of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation for the treatment of macular edema associated with ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods Together 60 patients (60 eyes) with BRVO in Anshan City Central Hospital were included and divided into three groups,20 patients with intravitreal ranibizumab treatment as A group,20patients with retinal laser photocoagulation treatment as B group,and another 20 patients with intravitreal ranibizumab combined with retinal laser photocoagulation therapy as C group,followed by the preoperative observation of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),slit lamp,fundus and intraocular pressure examination,fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),optical coherence tomography (OCT).One day after the surgery,BCVA,slit lamp and intraocular pressure examination were conducted,and 1 month,2months,3 months after the surgery,observation of BCVA,slit lamp,fundus and intraocular pressure examination were performed.Then,OCT was used to determine the status of macular edema.And finally,BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) in the three groups were statistically analyzed by observing the above indicators.Results The BCVA at 1 month,2 months,and 3 months after treatment was higher than before treatment in all three groups,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The BCVA of A group was 0.26 ±0.14 and 0.26 ±0.14 at 2 and 3 months after treatment,respectively,which was significantly better than that of B group (0.39 ±0.10 and 0.40 ±0.10) (all P ＜0.05).At 3 months after treatment,the BCVA in C group was 0.14 ±0.11,which was significantly higher than that in A group (0.26 ±0.14) (P＜0.05).The BCVA of C group was 0.30 ±0.13,0.20 ±0.12,0.14 ± 0.11 at 1 month,2 months and 3months after treatment,respectively,which was better than that of B group (0.43 ±0.10,0.39 ± 0.10,0.40 ± 0.10),and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜0.05).The postoperative CMT was significantly reduced when compared with preoperation in all three groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The CMT at 1 month,2 months and 3 months after treatment in C group was (318.85 ± 71.48)μm,(287.15 ± 56.71) μm and (255.05 ± 60.90)μm,respectively,which was better than that in A group [(347.00 ± 67.59) μm (305.10 ± 47.44) μm and (282.40 ± 36.26) μm],and B group [(417.05 ± 63.94) μm,(394.80 ±57.18) μm,and (375.90 ± 55.10) μm],with significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05).At 2 months and 3 months after treatment,CMT in A group was better than that in B group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of retinal laser photocoagulation combined with intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of BRVO macular edema is better than simple retinal laser photocoagulation and simple intravitreal ranibizumab.
ABSTRACT
(Ver)-induced human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells apoptosis.hours to induce RPE cells apoptosis.The expression of apoptotic effector gene caspase-3 was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Single cell was measured using fluorescence indicator Fura-3/AM with MetaFluo4.5/coolsnapfx/IX70 intracellular Ca2+ fluorescence imaging system.RPE cells and it significantly increased after co-cultured with Ver.The fluorescence in resting RPE cells was strong and distributed throughout the cells.The nucleus appeared more fluorescent than the cytoplasm.Calcium fluorescence of RPE cells attenuated after co-cultured with Ver.[Ca2+]i homeostasis might play pivotal roles in Ver-induced RPE cells apoptosis.